Chitwan is the first National park of Nepal established in 1973. Chitwan is the nearest National park to Kathmandu. UNESCO, World Heritage site is “At the foot of the Himalayan, Chitwan one of the few remaining undisturbed vestiges of the Terai region. Which formerly extended over the foothill of India and Nepal? It has a particularly rich Flora and Fauna. One of the last populations of One-horned Asiatic rhinoceros lives in the park. This is also one of the last refuges of the Bengal Tiger.”
Chitwan National Park in Nepal is a preserved area in the Terai Lowlands of south-central Nepal, known for its biodiversity. Its dense forests and grassy plains are home to rare mammals like one-horned rhinos and Bengal tigers. The park shelters numerous bird species, including the giant hornbill. Dugout canoes traverse the northern Rapti River, home to crocodiles. Inside the park is Balmiki Ashram, a Hindu pilgrimage site.
Climate
Chitwan National park enjoys three main seasons: hot and dry summer, a hot and humid rainy session, and warm winter. Between October and February, the average temperature is 25* integrating a pleasant climate. From March through June, temperatures can reach as high as 40*C. The hot and humid days give way to the monsoon season that typically lasts for four months from June through September. The best time to visit is From October through March.
Flora and Fauna
The park has a rich flora that includes Sal, Palash, and Silk Cotton, Tree fern, Cycas, Screw pine, and orchids. There are more than 50 different types of grass species, including the elephant grass, renowned for its immense height reaching up to 8m.
The park is home to 58 species of mammals, 539 types of birds, 56 types of reptiles and amphibians, and 124 species of fish. The mammalian species include the rhinoceros, Tiger, Elephant, Antelope, Leopard, Wild boar, Bear, etc. Some of the bird species found here are the Black Necked Fishing eagle, the Beahmini ducks, the Bengal florican, the lesser florican, the Giant hornbill, etc.
Area of Interest National Park in Nepal
The park is an example of ecological successions. One inhabited by over 11,000 people, the old Palampur area al0ong with the abandoned farmlands, irrigation canals, etc. have become prime habitat for rhinoceros.
A visit to the crocodile breeding center at Kasara, and an elephant breeding center at Khorsor near Sauraha can be both rewarding and educative. Monitoring of tigers, Rhinoceros, and birds is scientifically carried out in the park.
Wildlife sighting is more frequent during the annual grass cutting season in January.
During the months of September to November, February to April, thousands of migratory birds arrive to join the residential birds providing bird watching with a Spectacular view of a variety of birds.
Chitwan is known for Shrines like that of the Baba where newlyweds come to pray for a good conjugal life and the Valmiki Ashram where the Ramayan epics are represented. In Chitwan, tourism-related festivals, fairs, and events are organized by the local bodies while Tiger Top’s annual world elephant polo championships are held in Meghauly during the winter.
Facilities
There are several high-class resorts in the park and over 60 different lodges mostly in Sauraha and other areas outside the park. The service provided by these lodges which include accommodation and food is excellent and they also organize a variety of activities (nature/village walks, elephant rides/jungle Drives, canoe rides) around the park. Bicycles and other means of transport are available on hire. Other facilities are restaurants, Cybercafes Souvenir shops, and medicine shops.
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